compared with
英 /kəmˈpeəd wɪð/美 /kəmˈpɛrd wɪð/
prep. 介词短语
与……相比;比较
含义详解
本义为“与……放在一起比较”,强调将两个或多个对象并置,观察其异同。引申义有三:其一,表示“与……相比”,用于说明相对差异,如“Compared with last year, sales increased.”;其二,表示“与……对照”,用于发现相似性,如“Compared with her sister, she is tall.”;其三,在学术或正式语境中,用于引入对比基准,如“Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed improvement。”各义项均基于“并置比较”这一基本概念,从具体动作引申至抽象对比。
词根溯源
“compare”源自拉丁语“comparare”,由“com-”(一起)和“parare”(准备、使相等)构成,本义为“使相等或匹配”。“with”源自古英语“wiþ”,意为“对着、一起”。合在一起,“compared with”字面意为“与……放在一起使相等”,引申为“对比”。记忆时可联想“把两个东西放在一起(com-)看是否相等(parare)”。
常见语境
该短语广泛用于学术写作(如论文中对比数据)、商务报告(如分析业绩)、新闻报道(如比较经济指标)及日常口语(如评价商品)。在学术和商务语境中,语气正式、客观,常伴随数据或事实;日常口语中语气较随意,可带主观感受。例如,学术写作:“Compared with previous studies, this research uses a larger sample.” 日常口语:“Compared with my old phone, this one is much faster。”
语法要点
“compared with”是介词短语,后接名词、代词或动名词,在句中作状语,可置于句首或句末。常见句型:Compared with A, B + 谓语。注意:当compared作过去分词时,其逻辑主语须与主句主语一致,否则易产生悬垂分词错误。例如,正确:“Compared with last year, our profits rose.” 错误:“Compared with last year, the weather was warmer.”(逻辑主语应为“天气”,但天气不能“比较”)。此外,在正式写作中,常与“to”区分:强调相似性用“compared to”,强调差异用“compared with”,但现代英语中常混用。
同义词区别
“compared with”与“compared to”常互换,但严格区分:前者强调对比差异,后者强调类比相似。例如:“Compared with his brother, he is quiet.”(对比差异)“He compared the heart to a pump.”(类比相似)。另外,“in comparison with”与“compared with”同义,但更正式;“relative to”强调相对关系;“versus”用于对比对立项。选择时,若强调差异或相似则用“compared with/to”;若强调比例或相对性则用“relative to”;若用于标题或摘要,可用“versus”。
常见误区
“compared with”语域中性,可用于口语和书面语,无褒贬色彩。常见误用:1) 与“compared to”混淆,在正式写作中应按上述区分;2) 悬垂分词错误,如前述例子;3) 在比较时,比较对象需逻辑对等,如“Compared with men, women live longer.” 不可写成“Compared with men, the lifespan of women is longer.”(主语“lifespan”与“men”不对等)。
高频搭配
| compared with the previous year | 与上一年相比 |
| compared with the control group | 与对照组相比 |
| compared with the national average | 与全国平均水平相比 |
| compared with the original plan | 与原计划相比 |
| compared with other options | 与其他选项相比 |
| compared with what was expected | 与预期相比 |
句子示例
| Compared with last year, our sales have increased by 20%. | 与去年相比,我们的销售额增长了20%。 |
| The new model is more efficient compared with the old one. | 与旧型号相比,新型号更高效。 |
| Compared with many of her classmates, she is very shy. | 与许多同学相比,她非常害羞。 |
| Compared with the results of the first experiment, the second showed a significant improvement. | 与第一次实验的结果相比,第二次显示了显著改善。 |
| Living in the city is more convenient, but compared with the countryside, it is also more stressful. | 住在城市更便利,但与乡村相比,压力也更大。 |